Horace f



(No Model.)

H. P. HODGES.

PUMP.

No. 811,581. Patented Feb.8,1'885.

' Unites States Patent tries.

HORACE F. HODCES, OF CHELSEA, ASSIGNOR TC CHARLES E. PAYNE, OFGROVELAND, AND GEORGE H. SPENCER, CF FITCHBURG, MASS.

SPECIFICATION forming par; of liet'ters Patent No. 311,581, datedFebruary 3, 1885.

Application tiled September 6, 1883. (X0 model.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, l-louaon F. lioness. a citizen of the United States.residing at Chelsea, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Valvcless Pump, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of pumps whereby liquids are raisedby means of a piston working in a cylinder without the use of valves,supplementary pistons being employed in their stead.

It has long been admitted that the chief defeet in pumps has been theuncertainty of the action of the valves employed to check the backwardtlow of the liquid being pumped. A very slightdefect in the seating ofthe valves often destroys the snctioirand also impairs the forcingpou-erof the pump.

in the endeavor to make the valves sea-t perfectly india-rubber andother materials have been employcd,whieh are liable to be impaired byhot liquids, chemicals, &c., and often cause the valves to give out atvery inconvenient timesv Liquids containing a sediment and thosedepositing a hard or gummy substance-such as sirups, oils, Ste-oftenmake it impossible to use the ordinary pump 1 by reason of thesedeposits adhering to the valves and keeping them from their seats; norwill these valves sustain, without disarrangement, so great a pressureas the other parts of the pump. To overcome these ditficultiea'ldispense with valves altogether, and substitute therefor twosupplementary pistons, one in each end of the cylinder, and connectedtogether preferably by rods which pass through the main piston. Thesesupplementary pistons act as movable cylinder-heads, and by theirmovement and that of the main piston conduct the water or other fluidfrom the inlet to the delivery ports. The supplementary pistons can beoperated by friction from the main piston, or by a separate piston-rodor sleeve operated independently by a positive motion, the latter beingpreferable where a heavy suction is required.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figural represents alongitudinal vertical section through a pump embodying my invention.Fig. 2 is a section on line 00 a; of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section on line y Fig. 4 isasection on line a'is thecylinder, cast in one piece with the water chamber 0L -Z) I) are thecovers for same, one of which is fitted with a stutling-box, g, throughwhich the piston-rod 6 passes. In the center of the length of thecylinder is a suction-port, Z. At opposite ends of the cylinder-aredeliveryports at on, communicating with the waterchamber 0, from whichleads a deliverypipe, n.

c is the main piston, at either end of which is fitted a supplementarypiston, (Z d. These latter are connected together by rods ff, which passthrough holes in the main piston 0, so that the latter can moveindependently of the supplementary pistons d d, the piston-rod c passingthrough a hole in the supplementary piston d, and through a sleeve, p,which latter is provided with a stuffing-box, h.

In the piston care two holes (see Fig. 2) leading to the connecting-rodsf f, in which holes are inserted frictioirblocksj j, that are keptpressed against the rods ff by means of the springs i, against whichrest plugs 7e k, screwed into the outert n lsoftheholes. By this means Iobtain sufficient friction to carry the supplementary pistons with themain piston until one of them comes in contact with the cylindencover,when the main piston c finishes its stroke while the supplementarypistons are at rest; but upon the piston a corn mencing itsreturnstroke, the friction of the blocksjj upon the rodsff will causethe supplementary pistons (Z d to be carrietl forward with the mainpiston 0 until the advancing supplementary piston comes incontact withthe cylinder-cover, and the piston c then finishes its stroke by itself,as before.

Around the piston-rod e is placed a sleeve, 12, which is secured at oneend to the supplementary piston d, and provided at its outer end with astufiing-box, h, and which may be done by attaching any device forproducing the proper motion of the pistons d d to the sleeve 1) at theouter end. In this case the friction arrangement 'ij is may be dispensedwith arrow, the water in space 1, between the pistons a d, is beingforced out through the port at into the chamber 0, and thence into thedelivery-pipe 42. At the same time water is being drawn through theportZ into the space 2, between the pistons c d. When the piston c hascompleted its stroke, the space 2 will be filled with water and space 1will have been closed. Upon the return-stroke of the piston c thesupplementary pistons d d and the Water in space 2 willbe carriedforward until the piston 0 passes the port Z and piston d has passed theedge of the port m and come in contact with the cylinder-cover, when thewater in space 2 will be forced out through port m to the delivery-pipethrough chamber 0. While the water is being forced out of the space 2water is being drawn into the space 1, these spaces 1 and 2 beingalternately filled and emptied at each stroke of the piston. It will beseen that no resistance is offered to the movement of the supplementarypistons by the water that is between them and the cylinder-covers, asthe chamber 0 being always full of water and communicating with each endof the cylinder by the ports on m, a perfect equilibrium is established.1

I have described and shown two supplementary pistons and eduction-ports,but it is evident that only one supplementary piston and oneeduction-port may be employed, if desirable. If desired, two or morepumps can be arranged to communicate with the same water-chamber,thereby causing a continuous flow of the liquid.

I do not limit myself to the precise arrangement or proportion of portsand pistons, as these will require to be varied in accordance with thework to be performed and the density of the liquids raised.

WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. A pump consisting of a cylinder, a, having suitable heads, b b, andcontaining a main piston adapted to have a continuous reciproeatingmotion, and two supplementary pistons, d d, adapted to have asimultaneous reciprocating motion, said cylinder being provided withsuitable ports, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination of the cylinder a,'heads b b, piston c, supplementaryvalveless pistons 01 d, connecting-rodsff, and pisto11-rod 6, allsubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the cylinder a, heads b 1), piston c, frictiondevice i j k, supplementary pistons d d, connecting-rods f f, andpiston-rod e, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination of the cylinder a, heads b b, ports l m m, piston 0,containing the friction devices, the supplementary pistons d d, rods ff, piston-rod e, and sleeve substarr tially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

Jos. H. ADAMS, E. PLANTA.

